cooper怎么读（cooperation怎么读）

Hello everyone and welcome to "English with Lucy".

大家好，欢迎回到跟着Lucy学英语。

Not everybody wants to sound posh in English.

并不是每个人都希望自己的英语听上去很高大上。

This video is going to be a vocabulary lesson that will teach you posh words that will make you sound more sophisticated and perhaps intelligent.

这个视频将会是一个教授你们考究的单词的词汇课，这些单词会让你听上去更有内涵，并且也许更聪明。

So this video is perfect for improving your vocabulary.

所以这个视频非常适合提升你的词汇。

But if you want to improve your pronunciation and your listening skills even further, then I highly recommend the special method of reading books and listening to their audiobook versions at the same time.

这个视频非常适合提升你的词汇，但是如果你想要让你的发音和听力更上一层楼，那么我强烈推荐将看书和在 Audible 上听有声书版本结合的特殊方法。

This is an incredible and somewhat underrated method.

这是一个很棒同时也被低估了的方法。

Not so many people know about it.

没有很多人知道它。

Let me explain.

我来解释一下。

Take a book that you have already read in English or a book that you would like to read in English.

选一本你已经读过了的，或者你想要读的用英语写的书。

I've got lots of recommendations down below in the description box.

我在下面的描述栏里推荐了很多。

And read that book whilst listening to its audiobook counterpart on Audible.

然后在阅读这本书的同时听有声书的版本。

Reading alone will not help you with your pronunciation in English.

只是阅读不会帮助你的发音。

The way a word is spelt or written in English might not give you any indication whatsoever as to how that word is pronounced.

一个单词的拼法和写法不会告诉你它的读法。

If you listen to a word as you read it, your brain will start making little connections.

如果你在阅读一个单词的时候还听到了它的发音，那么你的大脑会开始产生联系。

And the next time you hear that word you'll know how it's spelt.

那么下一次你看到这个词的时候，你就知道它的读法了。

And the next time you see that word you'll know how it's said, you'll know how to pronounce it.

并且下一次你听到那个词的时候，你就会知道它的拼法、写法了。

It's such an effective method and the best part is you can get one free audiobook—that's a 30 day free trial on Audible, all you have to do is click the link in the description box and sign up.

这是一个非常有有效的方法，并且最棒的是你可以得到一本免费的有声书——那就是 Audible上的 30天免费试用。你只需要点击描述栏中的链接，然后注册。

I've got lots of recommendations for audiobooks down in the description box as well.

我在那里也推荐了很多有声书。

Give it a try, it really works.

试试吧，真的很有用。

Right, let's get started with the lesson.

好的，我们开始上课吧。

Firstly let's discuss some very posh adjectives.

首先，我们来讨论更高大上的形容词。

And in particular adjectives that mean very good or excellent.

说具体点，就是表示非常好或非常优秀的形容词。

Posh people have found many ways to express good or excellent.

上流社会的人有很多种表达很好或优秀的方法。

The first one is marvellous.

第一个词是非凡的。

Marvellous.

非凡的。

This, as you know, means great or wonderful.

这个词的意思是很好或精彩的。

It's very expressive.

这个词很有表现力。

For example, the weather was absolutely marvellous.

比如，天气太棒了。

Or, he's marvellous at his job.

或者，他工作干得非常棒。

Another one, number two, is splendid.

另一个词，第二个，是极佳的。

Splendid.

极佳的。

That one's really fun to say.

这个词读起来很有意思。

Again, meaning excellent or very good.

同样的，这个词的意思是也是优秀的或非常好。

An example, now that's a splendid idea.

比如，这是个极佳的点子。

Or, your hospitality was simply splendid.

或者你的招待真是太赞了。

Number three is sensational.

第三个词是绝妙的。

Sensational.

绝妙的。

Again, very good, excellent, wonderful.

同样还是非常好，优秀，非常棒的意思。

An example, you look sensational this evening.

举个例子，你今晚看上去棒极了。

Or the wedding was a sensational event.

或者，这个婚礼棒极了。

Number four, and this one is slang, and often used for comedic value but it means the same thing.

第四个是个俚语，而且常常被用来产生喜剧效果，不过意思一样。

It's spiffing.

那就是棒呆了。

Spiffing.

棒呆了。

Again, this means very good or excellent.

这个词的意思仍然是非常好或优秀的。

So you probably won't hear people using this one seriously.

所以你可能不会听到人们很严肃地使用这个词。

It's often used to mock or emulate posh people.

它常常被用来嘲弄或模仿上流社会的人。

An example, I've got some spiffing news for you.

举个例子，我有些棒呆了的消息要告诉你。

Or today was absolutely spiffing.

或者，今天真是棒呆了。

Often followed by old chap.

后面常常会跟着老铁这个词。

Today was absolutely spiffing, old chap.

今天真是棒呆了，老铁。

We will talk about old chap later on in the video.

我们会在这个视频的后面讨论老铁这个说法。

Along with many other variants.

还有其它的变化形。

Right now let's talk about some other adjectives.

好的，我们来说说其它的形容词。

Adjectives that don't mean excellent or very good.

不是表示优秀或非常好的形容词。

We have number five which is stupendous.

我们的第五个词是极大的。

Stupendous.

极大的。

This means extremely large or extremely impressive.

它的意思是极其庞大的或极其令人印象深刻的。

Especially better or greater than you expect.

尤其是指比你预期的要更好或更伟大。

For example, the company's debts were stupendous.

比如，这个公司的债务庞大。

They were really big, bigger than we expected.

它们真的很大，比我们预期的要大。

Or, it was a stupendous display of talent.

或者，这是一个盛大的才艺展示。

A very impressive and large display of talent.

一个非常令人印象深刻的大型才艺展示。

Number six is ravishing.

第六个词是绝美的。

Ravishing.

绝美的。

I love that one.

我喜欢这个词。

This means extremely beautiful.

这个词的意思是极其美丽。

For example, she looked ravishing in that dress.

比如，她穿那条裙子看上去美极了。

Or, I saw him out last night with a rather ravishing brunette.

或者，我昨晚看到他出去了，跟一个相当美的深褐色头发的美女。

We'll talk about rather in a minute.

我们稍后会谈到rather这个词。

Number seven, the male counterpart dashing.

第七个，用于男性的同义词，潇洒的。

Dashing.

潇洒的。

This is usually used for men.

这个词常常用于男性。

But it's a modern society.

但是现在是现代社会了。

This means attractive, confident and elegant.

这个词的意思是有吸引力的，有自信的，以及优雅的。

It's definitely a compliment to be referred to as dashing.

如果被别人说是潇洒的，那么这绝对是一种恭维。

An example you're looking rather dashing this evening.

举个例子，你今晚看上去相当潇洒。

Or a dashing young policeman came to my door last night.

或者，昨晚有一个潇洒的年轻警察来敲我的门。

How exciting.

真是令人兴奋。

Number eight is joyous.

第八个词是欢快的。

Joyous.

欢快的。

This means either very happy or causing people to be happy.

这个词的意思要么是很快乐的，要么是让人们很快乐的。

For example, what a joyous occasion.

比如，真是个欢快的场合啊。

Or the room was filled with joyous laughter.

或者，这个房间里充满了欢快的笑声。

Another very similar one is glorious.

另一个类似的词是绚丽的。

Glorious.

绚丽的。

This means very beautiful and impressive or extremely enjoyable.

这个词的意思是非常美丽，令人印象深刻的，或极其令人愉悦的。

For example, the sunset this evening was absolutely glorious.

比如，傍晚的落日是非常绚丽的。

It was very beautiful and impressive.

它非常美丽且令人印象深刻。

Or, our trip to Seville was glorious.

或者，我们的塞尔维亚之旅是绚丽多彩的。

Our trip to Seville was extremely enjoyable.

我们的塞尔维亚之旅极其精彩。

Number 10, eclectic.

第十个，不拘一格的。

Eclectic.

不拘一格的。

Avoid this word if you don't like the k sound.

如果你不喜欢k的发音，就不要使用这个词。

This means not following one style or choosing from a wide range of styles.

这个词的意思是没有统一的风格的，或者从很多种风格中进行选择。

For example, she has very eclectic taste in music.

比如，她的音乐品味不拘一格。

She likes music of many different genres.

她喜欢很多类型的音乐。

Or, his house is an eclectic mix of modern furnishings and antiques.

或者，他的房子兼收并蓄了现代家居和古董。

Number 11, chuffed.

第十一个，愉快的。

Chuffed.

满意的。

This is a very British phrase.

这是一个很英式的表达。

You will hear this if you come to Britain and mix with Brits.

如果你到英国来跟英国人打交道的话，是会听到这个词的。

It means very pleased.

它的意思是非常愉悦的。

If you are chuffed you are very pleased.

如果你很满意，那么你很愉悦。

For example, I was really chuffed with my exam results.

比如，我对我的考试成绩非常满意。

Or, I was absolutely chuffed with the outcome.

或者，我对这个结果非常满意。

Very similar but meaning a bit more excited is thrilled.

跟它意思差不多，但是表达更兴奋的意思的词是激动的。

Thrilled.

激动的。

My grandma uses this one a lot, she says the term, thrilled to bits.

我祖母经常用这个词，她说的是个短语，激动得要命。

If she's really happy about something, she's thrilled to bits with something.

如果她真的因为某事而感到开心，那她就是因为某事而激动得要命。

An example, I'm thrilled to be invited to your stag do.

举个例子，受邀来到你的单身聚会我感到很激动。

I included stag do because that's another British phrase, not necessarily posh.

我提到单身聚会是因为这是另一个英式短语，不一定很高大上。

It's the British word for bachelor party.

这是个表达单身汉派对的英式词汇。

Another example for thrilled?

另一个thrilled的例句？

She was thrilled to bits with the stripper at her hen do.

她因为她单身聚会上的脱衣舞演员而激动得要命。

Hen do is the female version.

Hen do 是女性版本。

It's a hen party or a hen do.

表达从hen party 或 hen do。

And it's the British way of saying bachelorette party.

这是单身女派对的英式表达。

Now onto some more negative adjectives.

现在要说更负面的形容词了。

We have number 13, beastly.

我们的第十三个词，恶劣的。

Beastly.

恶劣的。

This means unpleasant.

这个词的意思是令人不悦的。

For example, don't be so beastly to your brother.

比如，别对你的兄弟如此恶劣。

Don't be so unpleasant to your brother.

不要对你的兄弟如此不悦。

Or, I wish I'd never bought this beastly Mini Cooper.

或者，我希望我没买这辆糟糕的 Mini Cooper。

That's a lie, I love my Mini Cooper.

我在撒谎，我很爱我的 Mini Cooper。

It's orange.

它是橙色的。

Number 14, very similar is, ghastly.

第十四个，非常类似的一个词，那就是糟透的。

Ghastly.

糟透的。

My other grandmother loves this word, it sounds very, very good when she says it.

我另一个祖母喜欢这个词，她说这个词的时候很好听。

She has a lovely accent.

她有很可爱的口音。

This again means very bad or unpleasant.

这个词的意思还是非常糟糕或令人不悦。

An example, our trip was ruined by the ghastly weather.

举个例子，我们的出行被糟透的天气给毁了。

Or, go and iron your shirt, you look ghastly.

或者，去熨一下你的衬衫，你看上去糟透了。

And the final negative adjective, number 15 is, preposterous.

最后一个负面的形容词，第十五个，那就是荒唐的。

Preposterous.

荒唐的。

I love that, that is so expressive.

我喜欢这个词，它很有表现力。

It means completely unreasonable in a way that is shocking or annoying.

它的意思是完全不合理地令人震惊或令人厌烦。

For example, these claims are absolutely preposterous.

比如，这些声明真是荒唐。

Or, it's preposterous to suggest that it was her fault.

或者，说这是她的错真是太荒唐了。

Now let's look at some posh ways to say the word very, which you know I do not like.

现在我们来看看了解一些表达very的高大上的词汇，你们知道我不喜欢这个词。

I don't like the word very.

我不喜欢very这个词。

Or the word fairly, which is similar to very.

或者fairly这个词，意思跟very类似。

We have number 16 which is rather.

我们的第十六个词是相当地。

Rather.

相当地。

This is used to mean fairly or to some degree.

这个词被用来表示非常或到某种程度。

For example, I'm in a rather complicated situation.

比如，我处在一个相当复杂的处境里。

I'm in a fairly complicated situation.

我处在一个很复杂的处境里。

Or, she looks rather like her mother.

或者，她看上去相当像她妈妈。

She looks fairly similar to her mother.

她看上去跟她妈妈很像。

This can also be used with a verb to make a statement sound less strong.

这个词还可以跟动词连用，来让某个陈述听上去不那么强烈。

For example, I rather hope you're not being serious.

比如，我倒希望你不是认真的。

I obviously really hope they're not being serious.

毫无疑问我真心希望他们不是认真的。

But I'm saying rather to keep my composure.

但是我用rather这个词来保持镇定。

Or, we rather suspect a mistake has been made.

或者，我们相当怀疑出错了。

This is a quite British thing.

这是一个很英式的东西。

We like to not say how we really feel.

我们不喜欢说出我们的真实感受。

Number 17, a more positive one is, jolly.

第十七个，一个更积极的词，jolly。

Jolly.

Jolly。

This is used in place of very.

它被用来替换very。

For example, we had a jolly good time at the party.

比如，我们在派对上很愉快。

Or, that wine was jolly nice.

或者，那酒很不错。

We also have number 18, which is, terribly.

我们还有第十八个词，terribly。

Terribly.

Terribly。

Again, used in place of very.

同样的，也是用来替换very。

Maybe slightly more negative.

也许意思更负面一些。

Jolly is more positive.

Jolly更正面一些。

For example, I'm terribly sorry about what happened last night.

比如，我对昨晚发生的事情感到很抱歉。

Or, I'm not terribly amused with his behaviour.

我不是很喜欢他的行为。

Now let's move on to some posh nouns.

现在我们来说说一些高大上的名词。

These are a little bit random, I will admit.

我得承认，这些词比较随机。

Number 19, our first noun is helping.

第十九个，我们的第一个名词是一客食物。

Helping.

一客食物。

And if you don't know this one, you'll never get it.

如果你不知道这个说法，你永远都不会知道它的意思。

It's used in place of serving.

它被用来替换serving。

It's a portion of food served at a meal.

它指的是吃饭时被端上来的一部分食物。

Many people would say serving.

很多人会说serving。

Posh people might say helping.

上流社会的人可能会说helping。

For example, there's enough pie for second helpings.

比如，已经有足够的用于第二份食物的派了。

Second servings.

第二份食物。

Or, I'd just like a small helping of carrots, please.

或者，我只想要上一点胡萝卜，谢谢。

Another noun, number 20 is lavatory.

另一个名词，第二十个，是洗手间。

Lavatory.

洗手间。

This is another one that my grandma says a lot.

这是另一个我祖母会常说的词。

It means toilet or a room with a toilet in it, like a bathroom.

它的意思是抽水马桶，或带抽水马桶的房间，比如浴室。

When I was young I asked my grandma; "Grandma?"

我小时候问过祖母：“祖母？”

Unsurprisingly.

毫不令人意外。

"What kind of tree is a lavatory?"

“Lavatory是哪种树？”

I thought it was a tree.

我认为它是一种树。

Anyway.

不管怎样。

Lavatory.

洗手间。

Examples, could you point me towards the nearest lavatory?

例句，你能给我指一下最近的洗手间吗？

Or, I don't like to use public lavatories.

或者，我不喜欢使用公共洗手间。

Very posh, very posh indeed.

非常高大上，真的非常高大上。

Number 21 is, bore.

第二十一个是，无聊的人或事。

It's a noun so it is, a bore.

这是一个名词，所以应该是一个无聊的人或事。

This is a person who is very boring usually because they talk too much.

它指的是非常无聊的人，通常是因为他们花太多。

It can also be a situation or a thing that is boring or that annoys you.

它也可以指很无聊或让你生气的情景或事物。

An example, do try to avoid Mr. Smith, he's a total bore.

一个例句，别试图阻止史密斯先生，他就是个无聊的人。

Or; oh, my word, trigonometry is such a bore.

或者，哦吗，我的天，三角学太无聊了。

Number 21 is bind.

第二十一个词是窘境。

It's a noun so, a bind.

它是一个名词，所以是一个窘境。

This is an annoying or irritating situation that's difficult to avoid.

它指的是一个令人生气的难以避免的情景。

For example, finding a parking spot near the dentist can be a bit of a bind.

比如，在牙医诊所旁边找停车场可以说是一个窘境。

Or, I've gotten myself into a little bit of a bind with a loan shark.

或者，我因为放高利贷的人而让自己陷入窘境。

And number 23 is yonks.

第二十三个词是很长一段时间。

Yonks.

很长一段时间。

This means a long time or ages.

它的意思是很久。

For example, I haven't seen you in yonks.

比如，我好久没有你了。

Or, it's been yonks since I've last been here.

或者，我上次来着还是很久之前。

We could also take a look at ways of saying that we don't believe something.

我们还可以来看看表达我们不相信某事的方法。

Posh people do like to say that they don't believe things in very creative ways, you'll see.

上流社会的人确实喜欢用有创意的方式来说他们不相信某些东西，你们会知道的。

Number 24, nonsense.

第二十四个，胡说八道。

Nonsense.

胡说八道。

Be careful you don't say non-sense, it's nonsense.

请注意不要说成non-sense，应该是nonsense。

This means statements or beliefs that you think are ridiculous or not true.

它的意思是你认为某些陈述或信仰是荒唐的，或不真实的。

For example, you're talking absolute nonsense.

比如，你完全是在胡说八道。

Or, I can confirm that the rumours are nonsense.

或者，我确信那些谣言是胡说八道。

Number 25, another one meaning exactly the same thing is, poppycock.

第二十五个，另一个同样意思的表达是废话。

Poppycock.

废话。

For example, his ideas are complete poppycock.

比如，他的想法完全是废话。

Or, I cannot comprehend the sheer amount of poppycock that escapes her mouth.

或者，我一点都无法理解她嘴里蹦出的废话。

And the last one in this category, number 26.

这个类别里的最后一个词，第二十六个词。

Again, meaning exactly the same thing, codswallop.

也是一样的意思，那就是胡言乱语。

Codswallop.

胡言乱语。

For example, I've never heard such a load of old codswallop in my life.

比如，我从没听过这么多胡言乱语。

Or, everything she brought up at the meeting was codswallop.

或者，她在会议上提出的一切都是胡言乱语。

They're brilliant.

这些词太棒了。

Now let's look at five very posh ways of addressing people.

现在我们来看看五个非常高大上的称呼人们的词。

In particular men.

尤其是男性使用的。

This is usually said from a man to another man, but as I said, these are modern times.

这常常是一个男性对另一个男性说的，但是正如我说过的那样，现在已经是现代社会了。

Do what you would like.

你想怎么用就怎么用。

Just a clue, all of them start with old.

给个提示，他们都以old开头。

We have old fellow, we have old bean, we have old sport, old chap, and old fruit.

我们有老伙计、老兄、老朋友、老铁、老家伙。

Fellow, bean, sport, chap, fruit.

伙计、兄弟、朋友、家伙。

These are all fairly affectionate, depending on context, ways of addressing a friend.

这些都是很亲密的，基于上下文，称呼一个朋友的说法。

If you would like to be posh whilst addressing a woman, it doesn't have to be a woman but I didn't give you any other options for women.

如果你想要在称呼一个女性的时候显得很高大上，不一定是女性，但是我没有告诉你们用于女性的其它选择。

You can say darling.

你可以说亲爱的。

Darling.

亲爱的。

This is a way of addressing somebody that you love in general.

这是称呼你很喜欢的人的方式。

How are you, darling?

你好吗，亲爱的？

It can also be used to describe a person that's very kind or very friendly.

它也可以用来描述一个非常善良或友好的人。

For example, oh, you're such a darling, William.

比如，哦，你真是个好人，威廉姆。

You're such a lovely person, William.

你是个如此可爱的人，威廉姆。

Finally, let's look at some exclamations.

最后我们来了解一些感叹词。

Some posh exclamations.

一些高大上的感叹词。

We have golly.

我们有天呐。

Golly.

天呐。

This is used to express surprise.

这个被用来表达惊讶之情。

For example, Golly, aren't you early?

比如，天呐，你来早了吧。

Or, oh, golly, we've run out of port.

或者，哦，天呐，我们没有波尔图葡萄酒了。

We also have number 34, which is, I say.

我们还有第三十四个，那就是，我说。

I say.

我说。

Again, used for showing surprise or pleasure.

同样的，也是用来表达惊讶之情或愉悦之情。

For example; I say, that's a lovely tie you're wearing.

比如，我说，你的领带真好看。

Or, I say, you look ravishing.

或者，我说，你看上去超美的。

And the last one, number 35 is, bravo.

最后一个，第三十五个，那就是太棒了。

Bravo.

太棒了。

Posh people say bravo at the end of something that they have enjoyed.

上流社会的人会在他们喜欢的东西结束的时候说太棒了。

Like a theatre production.

比如戏剧演出。

I mean, if they said it in the cinema, it would be very cringe worthy.

我的意思是，如果他们在电影院这样说的话，那么这样会很尴尬。

Nowadays it's often used as well done.

如今常用的是干得漂亮。

Bravo, well done.

太棒了，干得漂亮。

Right, that was my lesson on posh British English vocabulary.

好的，这就是我关于高大上的英式英语词汇的课程。

I hope you enjoyed it and I hope you learned something.

我希望你们喜欢，希望你们有所得。

I certainly enjoyed making it, that was a fun one.

我非常享受制作这个视频，很有趣。

Maybe I could extend the series if you have any ideas or requests.

如果你们有任何想法和要求，我也许可以拓展这个系列。

Don't forget to check out Audible.

别忘记查看Audible。

Your link for a free audiobook, that's a 30-day free trial is in the description.

你的免费有声书的链接，即30天的免费试用就在描述栏里。

Just click there and sign up.

只需要点击并注册。

Don't forget to connect with me on all of my social media.

别忘记在我所有的社交媒体上联系我。

I've got my Facebook, my Instagram and my Twitter.

我有脸书、INS和推特。

What have I forgotten?

我忘记了什么吗？

And my personal YouTube channel, Lucy Bella Earl.

还有我的油管频道， Lucy Bella Earl。

Where I talk about lifestyle and everything not related to English.

在那里我会谈论生活方式，以及一切跟英语无关的事情。

I will you soon for another lesson.

我们下节课再见。

Now onto more. . .

现在来说说……